Sohag University Publication Centre
Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies
2090-4932
2090-4940
6
2
2016
12
30
THERMAL DEGRADATION OF PAPER: THE STRUCTURAL CHANGES OF FIBRES
71
84
EN
Hassan,
R.
THERMAL DEGRADATION OF PAPER: THE STRUCTURAL CHANGES OF
FIBRES
rusdyarabii@yahoo.com
10.21608/ejars.2016.23543
The current study reported the thermal degradation behavior of three paper fibers; cotton,<br />mechanical& sulfite wood pulp, exposed to dry-heat ageing ate150 °C,130 °C and 105 °C for<br />one month. The structural changes of fibers were evaluated by SEM, infrared spectroscopy<br />(FTIR) study and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). SEM data show that the chemical pulp is more<br />resistant to heat ageing than the cotton and mechanical pulp in the early stages Dramatic<br />changes in functional groups on the paper surface, as monitored by infrared spectroscopy,<br />occurred in the samples before and after ageing. The FTIR results indicated that an<br />elimination of the band at amorphous & crystalline regions under thermal ageing was<br />occurred.
Thermal Degradation,Crystallinity index,cellulose,FTIR,Wood pulp
https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_23543.html
https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_23543_9c05ba7e187ebaff07041d90c1fb0420.pdf
Sohag University Publication Centre
Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies
2090-4932
2090-4940
6
2
2016
12
30
TERMITES, THEIR ROLE IN THE DAMAGED MUD BUILDINGS, AND PREVENTION METHODS: APPLICATION ON THE RUINS OF THE WHITE MONASTERY, SOHAG, EGYPT
85
96
EN
Abd-Elkareem,
E.
Conservation dept., Faculty of Archaeology, South Valley Univ., Qena, Egypt.
elashmawyabdelkareem@yahoo.com
Fouad,
H.
Plant Protection dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Sohag Univ., Sohag, Egypt.
10.21608/ejars.2016.23544
Termites cause deterioration to archaeological buildings. They usually dig tunnels under<br />foundations, causing soil loosening. They attack mud-brick and mortar to get hay pured that is<br />found out, causing cracks in buildings. Because some Egyptian archaeological buildings were<br />constructed from mud-bricks, termites cause them decay and deterioration. Therefore, the<br />current study covers the ruins of the White monasterys mud buildings in Sohag. It makes use<br />of XRD, XRF, EDX, SEM. Mineral Petrography study have also been the work of analysis<br />chromatograph. It illustrates the mechanical deterioration by termites and the ways that<br />provide an appropriate environment for the growth of some kinds of fungi and bacteria. In<br />addition, methods of treating mud-brick and preventing termites, fungi and bacteria are proposed.
Mud-Bricks,decay,Termites,fungi,Bacteria,Preventing
https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_23544.html
https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_23544_a2780bfc2d1c7a50f487d8c09e1f50b7.pdf
Sohag University Publication Centre
Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies
2090-4932
2090-4940
6
2
2016
12
30
CHARACTERIZATION OF HISTORICAL MORTAR USED IN LOOM FACTORY SITE AT ABYDOS
97
107
EN
Osman,
A.
Conservation dept., Faculty of Archaeology, Sohag Univ., Sohag, Egypt.
amrosman75@gmail.com
Bartz,
W.
Institute of Geological Sciences, Wroclaw Univ., Wroclaw, Poland.
Kosciuk,
J.
History of Architecture, Arts and Technology dept., Wroclaw Univ. of Technology, Wroclaw, Poland.
10.21608/ejars.2019.23629
This paper aims to characterize historical mortars taken from joints in Loom Factory site at<br />Abydos Sohag (Egypt). This characterization includes their composition and technology, their<br />state of preservation as well as provides a guide for their possible conservation process. A<br />multidisciplinary approach has been adopted for investigations. Samples were investigated by<br />means of visual inspection, polarizing microscope (PM), scanning electron microscope (SEM)<br />coupled with energy dispersive X-ray unit (EDX), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), hydrochloric<br />acid (HCl) attack, sieving analysis, deferential thermal analysis (DTA-TG) and physical tests.<br />Obtained results allowed to fully characterize mineralogical, chemical, and mechanical<br />properties of selected mortar samples. They show a similarity of type, and binder/aggregate<br />ratio. This similarity can be attributed to one building phase using the same source of<br />materials.
Abydos,Loom factory,Mortar,Characterization
https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_23629.html
https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_23629_14edc787198cbca273a470434dd65b8e.pdf
Sohag University Publication Centre
Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies
2090-4932
2090-4940
6
2
2016
12
30
A STELA FROM QEFT (QEFT R. N169, TT33)
109
124
EN
El-Werdany,
R.
Egyptology dept., Faculty of Archaeology, South Valley Univ., Qena, Egypt.
radluxegy@yahoo.com
Sayed Ahmed,
R.
Egyptology dept, Faculty of Archaeology, Aswan Univ., Aswan, Egypt.
10.21608/ejars.2016.23630
The Stela of Qeft (Qeft R. N169, TT33) perhaps was erected at Dendera, and it moved to the<br />storehouse museum of Qeft from chest number 6 in (TT33) at AL-Assassif, west bank of<br />Thebes (Modern Luxor). It probably dedicated to Hor-Behdity and Hathor in a religious<br />occasion at Dendara or elsewhere. The stela has a rectangular round top and divided into<br />three registers with sacred symbols, scenes and empty cartouches in the first and second<br />parts with no texts. Giving a date and determining the era to this stela will depend basically on<br />the artistic styles and studying the empty cartouches after the general description of the stela<br />and its components.
Stela,Qeft,Hor-Behdity and Hathor,Empty Cartouches,offering of the Field (Hnq-sxt)
https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_23630.html
https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_23630_49e0f727853fbcbecc14b511b54a34b7.pdf
Sohag University Publication Centre
Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies
2090-4932
2090-4940
6
2
2016
12
30
AN 18TH DYNASTY WOODEN BOARD IN THE EGYPTIAN MUSEUM OF CAIRO JE 95750- CG 25366
125
132
EN
Hassan,
Kh.
Egyptology dept., Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo Univ., Cairo, Egypt.
dr.khaled_hassan@yahoo.com
10.21608/ejars.2016.23631
This board records an 18th dynasty administrative text from Meir. It provides quite interesting<br />information such as titles, personal names, different types of cattle, toponyms, in addition to<br />the attestation of the term wsx-boat. The text also lists the number of cattle of each individual<br />with a total number of 71 cattle. The paper will try to shed light on the handwriting of this text<br />as an important source for the 18th dynasty hieratic inscriptions. At the same time it will try to<br />figure out the purpose of the text.
Meir,southern City,WnDw-cows,id.t-cows,wsx-boat
https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_23631.html
https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_23631_00d57dba4c536bc6f9fc4cde377875f2.pdf
Sohag University Publication Centre
Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies
2090-4932
2090-4940
6
2
2016
12
30
AL-RUMI "MENKALI BOGHA" MOSQUE IN ALEPPO: ARCHITECTURAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL STUDY
133
149
EN
Abd el-razik,
M.
Islamic dept., Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo Univ., Cairo, Egypt.
mansour.arch22@yahoo.com
10.21608/ejars.2016.23632
This paper aims to study an important survival mosque in Aleppo from Mamluk period. The<br />importance of this mosque relates to the surviving of its architectural units and elements, and<br />it is considered to be a true image to the congregational mosques in the city of Aleppo during<br />this period. The paper includes a descriptive and analytical study to the architectural units and<br />elements of the mosque; also it sheds the light on the original units which are still surviving<br />from the construction era including the facades, main entrance, monumental inscriptions,<br />decorations and stalactites. The original units represents also in the minaret which<br />characterized by a unique style in Aleppo city, also the majority of the internal parts are still<br />surviving from the construction era. In addition to the original parts, the paper also studies the<br />renewal works which occurred to the mosque in the same and later periods depending on the<br />monumental inscriptions which are still surviving in the mosque, and what mentioned in the<br />historical sources about these renewal works. The paper also sheds the light on the<br />destruction that occurred to the mosque, especially in the minaret during the current events in<br />the city, and this increases the importance of this paper as a documentation study to the<br />mosque. The paper includes a number of figures and plates which are published for the first<br />time in this study, noting that all the plates have been photographed by author.
Mosque,Foundation date,Inscriptions,Main portal,Renewal works
https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_23632.html
https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_23632_4f8cb03cf3c4d803506d5c6fbca96488.pdf
Sohag University Publication Centre
Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies
2090-4932
2090-4940
6
2
2016
12
30
MINAI CERAMICS FROM AZAK
151
171
EN
Khalil,
W.
Islamic Arch. dept., Faculty of Archaeology, Fayoum Univ., Fayoum, Egypt.
wam00@fayoum.edu.eg
Kravchenko,
S.
Senior staff scientist of the Azov Museum-Reserve, Russia
10.21608/ejars.2016.23633
The article contains publications of the patterns of Minai Kachina ceramics, with overglaze<br />polychromatic painting and gilding over white opaque enamel from the excavations of the<br />Golden Horde Azak (XIII-XIV centuries). A total of 35 fragments of 21 vessels were<br />described; they are given in a small catalogue presented at the end of the article. The<br />following issues were analyzed on the basis of the available material: the vessels<br />morphology, a piece, colour spectrum and ornamentation stylistics, chronology and<br />quantitative data of the Minai finds from Azov. The analysis of the patterns testified that this<br />ceramics is very rare and scanty for Azak; it is diverse in its stylistic peculiarities; its<br />circulation in Azak is limited by 1350 1360 years. In view of the aforesaid, M.G.<br />Kramarovskys supposition of the Golden Horde manufacture of Minai ceramics is called in<br />question. An opinion of the majority of researchers, which this articles authors subscribe to, is<br />the most probable and consists in manufacture of this ceramics in Iran wherefrom it could be<br />brought a single time to Azak by a group of emigrants, or as war trophies, or as a result of the<br />commercial intercourse intensified for a short period of time.
Minai,Kachina,Ceramics,Azak,Azov Museum,vessels
https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_23633.html
https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_23633_a87285f761e99c0d1eee0fb96a4f6d9c.pdf