eng
Sohag University Publication Centre
Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies
2090-4932
2090-4940
2018-12-01
8
2
83
89
10.21608/ejars.2018.23496
23496
A MODEL SIMULATION OF THE SOLAR ENERGY IMPINGING ON THE GIZA PYRAMIDS
Camuffo D.
d.camuffo@isac.cnr.it
1
National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC), Padua, Italy
A simulation model of the solar energy impinging on stone blocks is made to ascertain theimpact of solar radiation on the walls of the Pyramids of Giza, Egypt. The model considers thesolar radiation hitting the upper surface, and the vertical sides of stone blocks on the four walls.The calculation concerns: the solar height and azimuth; the daily total amount of solar radiation;the instantaneous values of the flux of solar radiation. The results are reported and discussed,pointing out the main features of the daily and seasonal cycles, as well as the impact on thevarious exposures.
https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_23496_0cbb1bfe0a839dd6738d17cfadb25a71.pdf
Physical simulation
pyramids
solar energy
Solar Radiation
Thermoclastism
eng
Sohag University Publication Centre
Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies
2090-4932
2090-4940
2018-12-01
8
2
91
96
10.21608/ejars.2018.23500
23500
LOWER DON AS A CONTACT ZONE OF INTERACTION OF NOMADS AND SEDENTARY POPULATION IN THE FIRST CENTURIES AD
Vdovchenkov E.
evvdovchenkov@sfedu.ru
1
Archeology and History of the Ancient World dep. South Federal Univ., Rostov-on-Don, Russia
This article describes contact zone of interaction of different cultures in the Don Region in I-IIIcenturies AD. The article investigates three different ethnic and cultural groups: the nomadic tribesof the Sarmatians, the Greeks in the ancient town Tanais, Meotians on the basis of archaeologicaldata and epigraphy. The article analyzes political, ethnic, cultural and economic aspects ofinteraction in the Lower Don Region. Special attention is paid to the process of sarmatisationthetransformation of the Tanais and Meotian settlements under the influence of the migrationof the Sarmatians. Sarmatization has created new cultural and social phenomena. The resultof the interaction has become a special cultural practices - combined the tradition of the burialrite in Tanais, extensive use of antique ceramics and other artifact by Sarmatians and Meotians.
https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_23500_45679d3196dc3a321373e9816fdd74b9.pdf
Lower Don
Bospor
Tanais
Sarmatians
Meotians
Contact zone
eng
Sohag University Publication Centre
Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies
2090-4932
2090-4940
2018-12-01
8
2
97
107
10.21608/ejars.2018.23501
23501
Original Article
IMPACT OF STORAGE CONDITIONS ON BIODETERIORATION OF ANCIENT EGYPTIAN CHILD MUMMIES BY XEROPHILIC FUNGI
Mansour, M.
maisamansour_40@yahoo.com
1
Conservation dept., Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo Univ., Giza, Egypt
The study was conducted on a child's mummy aged 6 to 8 years, with a damaged skull. It wasfound in Dahshur, Egypt. 10 fungal species were isolated and identified. Fungi have beendetermined by PCR amplification and sequencing as follows: Cladosporium cladosporioides(LC325159), Penicillium chrysogenum (LC325162) and Aspergillus flavus (LC325160). Modernlinen samples were inoculated and incubated by the isolated fungi for a period of three months.Fungi decay results were assessed using Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometry (EDX) and XRay Diffraction (XRD). It was evident that NaCl (100%) have been used in the mummificationprocess and the three identified fungi could grow on linen even under high saline (NaCl)conditions. C. cladosporioides showed a considerable increment in hyphal production, while P.chrysogenum hyphae were filled with salt crystals. Growth of A. flavus covered linen surface, whilesalt crystals were found in the conidiophores. Xerophilic and Halophilic fungi grown and causeddecay of the mummy located in the burial chamber.
https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_23501_fb6463909d6d800ba51858eee6b8bada.pdf
Xerophilic fungi
Growth
Environmental
salt
Mummy
eng
Sohag University Publication Centre
Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies
2090-4932
2090-4940
2018-12-01
8
2
109
119
10.21608/ejars.2018.23503
23503
Original Article
A STUDY OF DETERIORATION PHENOMENA OF FOOT CASE CARTONNAGE FROM SAQQARA AREA, EGYPT
Hussein, A.
asmaa.moustafa@mu.edu.eg
1
Madkour, F.
2
Afifi, H.
3
Abd El Fatah, M.
4
Conservation dept., Faculty of Fine Arts, Minia Univ., Minia, Egypt
Conservation dept., Faculty of Fine Arts, Minia Univ., Minia, Egypt
Conservation dept, Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo Univ., Giza, Egypt
Ministry of State for Antiquities Affairs of Egypt, Giza, Egypt.
The aim of this paper is to study deterioration phenomena of foot case cartonnage fromSaqqara area, Egypt. There are many damage problems such as: accumulation of dust,stains, cracks of ground layer and detachment of paint and gilded layers. An analyses andinvestigations of different samples were performed using a number of different analyticaltechniques. Light microscopy (LM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM)equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray detector (EDS) and Fourier transform infraredspectroscopy coupled with attenuated total reflection (ATR-FTIR) were used. Analytical studiesindicated that, cartonnage was composed of two layers; the coarse ground layer consisted ofcalcite and quartz as while the finer ground layer contained calcite only. Two layers of preparingdouble of linen textile were used as a separate layer between the previous ground layers. Thepigments used for the decoration of cartonnage were identified as hematite, cinnabar andcuprorivaite. Gilded layer was identified as gold and silver. Microbiological investigation indicatedthe presence a fungal and bacterial infestation. The results obtained gave important knowledgeabout the deterioration processes of the foot case cartonnage.
https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_23503_b9aa69dd91887ebbfbc3268b5c5ec9ad.pdf
Cartonnage
Saqqara
deterioration
phenomena
cracks
microorganisms
eng
Sohag University Publication Centre
Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies
2090-4932
2090-4940
2018-12-01
8
2
121
132
10.21608/ejars.2018.23508
23508
Original Article
TRAVEL TO THE HEALING CENTERS IN THE EGYPTIAN TEMPLES: THE PROTOTYPE OF THE MODERN MEDICAL TOURISM
Abouelata, M.
abolattaa@yahoo.com
1
College of Tourism and Archaeology, King Saud Univ., KSA Egyptology dept., Faculty of Archaeology, Fayoum Univ., Egypt
A travel for treatment was one of the oldest motivations for travel in ancient world. Among thesites that attracted such travelers were the supposed healing centers in Egyptian temples. As theancient Egyptian physicians were very clever in their profession, they had a very remarkablefame not only in Egypt but among the patients of other ancient nations as well. The ancientEgyptian and foreigner patients traveled to those medical centers to spend a night or moreseeking for cure by medical treatment or through dreams and messages from gods. Thearchitectural evidences prove the existence of such healing centers in the temples. The onlypreserved example is the sanatorium within the precinct of the Hathor temple at Dendera, inUpper Egypt. According to the modern concept of tourism, such travels were more or less a typeof tourism. In this context, this paper, through the textual, pictorial, and architectural evidences,tries to originate the earlier examples of medical tourism, as well as it applies the concept andcomponents of present tourism on the travels of ancient Egyptian and foreigner patients.
https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_23508_0264f21bf7f8a4bfeb2f0e91f1c9704b.pdf
Medical tourism
ancient Egypt
Egyptian temples
Egyptian medicine
eng
Sohag University Publication Centre
Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies
2090-4932
2090-4940
2018-12-01
8
2
133
141
10.21608/ejars.2018.23510
23510
Original Article
TWO TEXTS OF CARRYING THE PROCESSION OF THE GOD HORUS AND THE GODDESS HATHOR AT EDFU TEMPLE
Ali A.
alaaamar200033@yahoo.com
1
Archaeologist, Ministry of Antiquities, Bahariya Oasis Unit, New Valley, Egypt
Edfu temple is one of the most complete and well-preserved of all the Egyptian temples. Theactual building only dates back to Ptolemaic times. I aim with this essay to develop theunderstanding of the two Processions of Horus of Behdety and Hathor which are existed onthe second Hypostyle Hall through the examination of the iconographies, epithets, nature androle. The processions with statues were reminiscent of the annually journey that the statue ofthe goddess Hathor undertook by boat from Dendara to Edfu. Here I am trying to investigatequestions of the physical movement of the portable barks carrying each temples divine statueand to better understand the ritual events.
https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_23510_81cda0c84f5659b5d9099095898fbcb5.pdf
Edfu
Horus of Behdety
Hathor
The two processions of Horus and Hathor
eng
Sohag University Publication Centre
Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies
2090-4932
2090-4940
2018-12-01
8
2
143
154
10.21608/ejars.2018.23512
23512
Original Article
THE RECENTLY DISCOVERED SARCOPHAGUS OF PTAHSHEPSES AT SAQQARA
Soleiman, S.
saleh_suleiman82@yahoo.com
1
Egyptology dept., Faculty of Archaeology, Damietta Univ., Damietta, Egypt.
This article(a) deals with a new discovered and unpublished sarcophagus found inside an oldkingdom tomb at Saqqara, describing that sarcophagus and its decoration, translating theaccompanied texts, commenting and comparing it with the other sarcophagi relating to therelevant period.
https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_23512_1715d6a91cd1639035a6e0e787e00fd8.pdf
Ptahshepses
Themi
Manufacture of sarcophagus
Transfer of sarcophagus
wDAt-eyes
eng
Sohag University Publication Centre
Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies
2090-4932
2090-4940
2018-12-01
8
2
155
170
10.21608/ejars.2018.23513
23513
Original Article
EGYPT AS A REWARD FOR THE KING IN PTOLEMAIC TEXTS
Sayed, M.
mohragab82@gmail.com
1
Archaeology dept., Minia Univ., Minia, Egypt
Kings and gods adorn the walls of Egyptian temples in face-to-face meetings. The relationbetween the King and the gods in offerings scenes represents the idea of an exchange ordescribes the exchanges between the King and the gods. The benefit of the offerings representsboth the act of the King and the reward of the gods to him. When the King (provider) gives anoffering to the gods (recipients) they give to him a good reward related with that offering. Thesubject of this paper is a special kind of reward. In some offerings the King is rewarded with Egyptitself, Kmt and its synonyms (Isty, BAqt, % nwt, &A, &Awy, &A-mry, &A-^maw, &A-MHw). The paper willdiscuss the hieroglyphic words for the word .reward. and its synonyms. And it will examine anumber of texts where Egypt appears as a reward for the King.
https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_23513_2a2327b5f07bc826e04eae5ba02d4775.pdf
Egypt
Kmt
offerings
reward
Grant
Gift
king
eng
Sohag University Publication Centre
Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies
2090-4932
2090-4940
2018-12-01
8
2
171
186
10.21608/ejars.2018.23515
23515
Original Article
PRINTING MOLDS OF PAPER MONEY OF THE KHOREZM PEOPLE'S SOVIET REPUBLIC
Mohamed, H.
hadhood_hs85@yahoo.com
1
Islamic archaeology dept. Faculty of Archeology, Cairo Univ., Giza, Egypt
By the end of the 13th AH/19th AD century and the beginning of the 14th AH/20th AD century,Khorezm witnessed an important phase of its history, which ended in the Russian occupation, theabolition of the Khiva Khan ateregime and the proclamation of the People's Republic of Khorezmin 1339 AH/1920 AD. During that period, the monetary system underwent major changes asthe silk and paper currencies began to emerge and the local currency was converted from thetenga, tilla and felus into the Russian ruble. This study aims to deal with a set of metal moldsused to print the banknotes of the People's Republic of Khorezm during the period of 1922-1923 by means of a set of bronze molds preserved in the Museum of Ichan Qala in Khiva,where this period witnessed the spread of paper money. The study tackles these moldsthrough the identification of raw materials, methods of industry, techniques and stages ofprinting, in addition to the inscriptions printed on them and other decorations, emblems andsymbols, with the analysis of their contents, along with a comparison of these templates withmodels of the remaining paper money, which represent the categories of these molds.
https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_23515_93a9485a9d127c41cce3e05a0e98c57a.pdf
Khorezm
Paper Money
Printing Molds
Seals
Tenga
Tilla
Felus