@article { author = {M., Mansour and R., Hassan and M., Salem}, title = {CHARACTERIZATION OF HISTORICAL BOOKBINDING LEATHER BY FTIR,SEM -EDX AND INVESTIGATION OF FUNGAL SPECIES ISOLATED FROM THE LEATHER}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies}, volume = {7}, number = {1}, pages = {1-10}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Sohag University Publication Centre}, issn = {2090-4932}, eissn = {2090-4940}, doi = {10.21608/ejars.2017.6823}, abstract = {The aim of the present study was to identify fungi that cause deterioration of historical leatherin the storage room, compare quantitative compounds of elements present in historicalleather and new ones, and check the ability of the isolated fungi from recently leather book tocolonize new leather. The leather binding was evaluated by visual assessment, SEM,isolation and identification of fungi and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Goatskin was identified as the animal skin of the bookbinding, Cladosporium cladosporioides,Aspergillus tamarii, Eurotium chevalieri, Aspergillus fumigatus, Wallemia sebi, and Fusariumpoae were the most dominant species of fungi found on the leather book binding. Based onthe EDX analysis of leather binding and new leather sample, some changes happened in theold leather due to bio deterioration factors and causes of changes in the elements rate.}, keywords = {leather,Fungal deterioration,Isolation and identification,FTIR,SEM,EDX}, url = {https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_6823.html}, eprint = {https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_6823_eafb46f998fa263beed53bf455c45e22.pdf} } @article { author = {A., Selim}, title = {THE CONNOTATION OF THE EXPRESSION rnpt n nA Htyw ''YEAR OF THE HYENAS" IN THE LATE OF THE TWENTIETH DYNASTY}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies}, volume = {7}, number = {1}, pages = {11-16}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Sohag University Publication Centre}, issn = {2090-4932}, eissn = {2090-4940}, doi = {10.21608/ejars.2017.6824}, abstract = {This paper sheds light on the expression rnpt n nA Htyw ''Year of the Hyenas" as a sign of thefamine that afflicted Egypt in the Late New kingdom, the related texts, and troubles in the LateRamesside period. It also addresses the civil war during the reign of Ramses XI at the end ofthe 20th dynasty, mainly caused by Panehsy, pharaoh's viceroy in Kush, who rebelled againstthe pharaoh.}, keywords = {Famine,Civil war,Flood,Hyena,Fluctuation in prices,Late Ramesside period}, url = {https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_6824.html}, eprint = {https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_6824_aed0cc8d503560bb789af25b890b5800.pdf} } @article { author = {O., Sallam}, title = {AN EIGHTEENTH DYNASTY POTTERY SAMPLE FROM EL-SALAAM SCHOOL MUSEUM, AT ASSUIT}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies}, volume = {7}, number = {1}, pages = {17-25}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Sohag University Publication Centre}, issn = {2090-4932}, eissn = {2090-4940}, doi = {10.21608/ejars.2017.6825}, abstract = {The Museum of El-Salaam School was known as "the Faculty of Americans" and located nearAssiut University in Assiut governorate, about 380 Km south of Cairo. The Museum consistsof two large rooms; the first room includes Pottery vessels, Oil lamps, Ushabti, Funerarycones, Canopic jars, Wooden and Basalt statues, Funerary steals, Soul houses, Glass waresand wooden bolt-lock. The second room includes Coffins, Psalms of David and Mummifiedanimals. The contents of the museum came from the excavation of Petrie at Rifeh, as adonation to the museum by Sayed Pasha Khashaba(a). The finds are exhibited within oldwooden display-windows and labeled with two numbers, the Petrie's excavation number, andthe Ministry of Antiquities' recording number. The display-windows are arranged spatially inalphabetical ordering, A, B, C, D, etc. The displayed pottery finds are the dominant featureamong the Museum's collection, which date back to different Egyptian historical periods.}, keywords = {Museum,Pottery,vessels,Canopic,Jars,funerary}, url = {https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_6825.html}, eprint = {https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_6825_2dd40310103fe099ff58160975ebdd3b.pdf} } @article { author = {M., Abo-Eleaz}, title = {THE EGYPTIAN ROLE IN ULLAZA DURING THE SECOND MILLENNIUM B.C}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies}, volume = {7}, number = {1}, pages = {27-37}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Sohag University Publication Centre}, issn = {2090-4932}, eissn = {2090-4940}, doi = {10.21608/ejars.2017.6826}, abstract = {Egypt had an extremely vital role in the Eastern Mediterranean coast since the beginning ofthe third millennium BC, allowing Egypt to control and impose its political and ideologicaldomination on the surrounding cities to obtain the products that Egypt lacked. Thus, many ofthe names of the Syrian cities were mentioned in the Egyptian records, including the city andport of Ullaza. Because of its strategic location and economic wealth, Ullaza became thefocus of the forces that competed Egypt in its domination, including the Mittani, Hittites, andKingdom of Amurru during the second millennium BC.}, keywords = {Ullaza,The Egyptian Mediation,Byblos,Garrison,Amurru}, url = {https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_6826.html}, eprint = {https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_6826_1947726335688595a307d0ad9a72ef70.pdf} } @article { author = {A., Osman and G., Omar}, title = {FRAGMENTS OF AN ASSUMED DREAM STELA OF THUTMOSIS IV FROM GIZA}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies}, volume = {7}, number = {1}, pages = {39-44}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Sohag University Publication Centre}, issn = {2090-4932}, eissn = {2090-4940}, doi = {10.21608/ejars.2017.6827}, abstract = {The fragments that were found in different locations and of diverse sizes have been restoredit returned once more similar to its original state of the "Dream Stela". The stela is of arectangular form, but missing small segments on all sides, measuring about 175 cm width, 97cm height and 14.5 cm thick. It seems that the stela was unfinished, due to the different levelsand rough surface, as well as the different quality in finishing the scene of the two lions. Thereare some similarities with the reliefs and its accompanied inscriptions between this stela andthe Sphinx dream stela. The stela is made out of fine and white limestone, found in the mainmagazine of Giza plateau, but came in many pieces. Two big pieces of the stela are found bySelim Hassan during his excavations in the temple of Amenhotep II nearby of the Sphinx.}, keywords = {Stela,Fragments,Thutmosis,Giza plateau,Sun disk}, url = {https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_6827.html}, eprint = {https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_6827_fab9818062bbb918805e8a7257e2a4ea.pdf} } @article { author = {M., Roshdy}, title = {COMBINED MOSQUES STYLES IN ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES IN CENTRAL ASIA DURING THE 8TH-9TH CENTURY A.H. / 14TH-15TH A.D.}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies}, volume = {7}, number = {1}, pages = {45-51}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Sohag University Publication Centre}, issn = {2090-4932}, eissn = {2090-4940}, doi = {10.21608/ejars.2017.6828}, abstract = {Mosques have had major interest and great care by sultans, princes, princesses, and khans,as they made contributions in constructing diverse mosques’ styles, varying betweencongregational and compact mosques in architectural structures of miscellaneous functions.Studies have tackled the congregational mosques that were built in Samarkand, Bukhara, andKhiva, yet, have gone short on dealing with the second style of mosques; combined mosques,which had several styles and different architectural units and elements. In fact, the influenceof these styles extended beyond Central Asia’s borders. This study, in turn, aims at identifyingthese styles and their main architectural units and elements, revealing their influence outsidethe geographical range of Central Asia.}, keywords = {Central Asia,Bukhara,Samarkand,Mosque,Funereal Dome,Iwan,Arch}, url = {https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_6828.html}, eprint = {https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_6828_6a66aa4e85432ad5190fede064213036.pdf} } @article { author = {H., Thabet}, title = {CARPET WEIGHTS "MIR FARSH" FROM MUGHAL INDIA: AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL, ARTISTIC AND COMPARATIVE STUDY}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies}, volume = {7}, number = {1}, pages = {53-64}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Sohag University Publication Centre}, issn = {2090-4932}, eissn = {2090-4940}, doi = {10.21608/ejars.2017.6829}, abstract = {The study investigates an important item that was used in the era of Mughal Emperors inIndia, namely "Mir Farsh" (carpet weights), regarding its name, connotations, artistic style,function, reasons for the rise, and raw materials It also defines the effect of manufacturingmaterials on performing the function, dimensions of weights and modification Thearchitectural designs of Mughal Indian structures and the designs of carpet weights regardingtheir effect on the formation of carpet weights are also investigated The effect of floralornaments of the period on carpet weights is defined Additionally, the study compares thepatterns of this element, as applied masterpieces, and their images in the manuscripts datingback to the period concerning their similarities and differences.}, keywords = {weight,Carpets,Mughal,Sheeting,Mausoleum,marble,Metals,manuscript}, url = {https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_6829.html}, eprint = {https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_6829_7b8b2fab44f10456409f07bb6e73207f.pdf} } @article { author = {R., Sayed}, title = {THE DESCRIPTION OF PRINCE TIMUR'S LAMENESS IN LIGHT OF MANUSCRIPTS ILLUSTRATIONS AND THEIR RECORDED DESCRIPTIONS IN THE HISTORICAL SOURCES}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies}, volume = {7}, number = {1}, pages = {65-75}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Sohag University Publication Centre}, issn = {2090-4932}, eissn = {2090-4940}, doi = {10.21608/ejars.2017.6830}, abstract = {Manuscripts paintings are mirrors of the age as they document everyday life. They areconsidered as illustrating documents that can be utilized in determining people’s descriptionsand attributes. Therefore, the current study used them to match the description of Timur’slameness in his right foot with the descriptions in the historical resources. The right foot ofprince Timur appeared extended forward and was put on a foot stool in front of the throne,while he could not sit cross-legged (called in Arabic Altarbiaa), and could not sat on hips(called in Arabic Altawarok). These sittings were common for sultans and princes. Manuscriptspaintings appear here with very realistic drawing of the phenomenon of lameness. However,facial features differed in some paintings. For example, the painting drawn by Behzad wasvery realistic although it was painted in a later period of the reign of Timur. Thus, Behzad mightrelied on historical resources. It was observed that the sittings, illustrating this phenomenon(i.e. lameness), for prince Timur were for those who sat on the throne. The study utilizedpaintings, which manifested lameness in manuscripts, such as Zafarnama (Book of Victory)and the descriptions of that phenomenon in the historical resources, e.g. Ibn Arabshah (AjaibAlmaqdoor - in Arabic), Ibn Khaldun (Tarikh Ibn Khaldun - in Arabic), and other historical sources.}, keywords = {manuscript,Timur,Lameness- Ibn Khaldun- Historical Sources}, url = {https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_6830.html}, eprint = {https://ejars.journals.ekb.eg/article_6830_da86e9daa97ce28c6f0aad79fad69adc.pdf} }